CITRONELLOL
Commonly Found In
Overview
Citronellol is a naturally occurring acyclic monoterpene alcohol found abundantly in rose oil and geranium essential oil, prized in fine fragrance for its sweet, rose-like aroma with citrus notes. It is a mandatory EU labeling allergen in cosmetics above 0.001% in leave-on products (Annex III/86). Studies suggest sensitization rates are relatively low (0.3β1.5% in the general population), making it one of the less allergenic of the 26 EU-regulated fragrance allergens. It is permitted in the US and Japan without specific labeling requirements.
Also known as: Citronellol, Ξ²-Citronellol, Dihydrogeraniol, 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol
Key Benefits
Studies suggest citronellol may contribute mild insect-repellent and antimicrobial properties; its cosmetic value is primarily as a fragrance ingredient rather than a direct skin treatment.
Skin Compatibility Ratings
Comedogenic Rating
Non-comedogenic; acyclic monoterpene alcohol used in trace fragrance amounts.
Source: SCCS/1562/16
Irritancy Rating
Relatively low sensitization rate (0.3β1.5% in general population); one of the less allergenic EU-regulated fragrance ingredients; EU label disclosure required above threshold
Source: EU SCCS opinion; fragrance allergy literature
Typical Use Concentration
Range
0.001β2%
Optimal
0.01β0.5% in fragrance blends
EU labeling required above 0.001% (leave-on) / 0.01% (rinse-off). IFRA concentration limits apply by product category.
Works Well With / Avoid
Works Well With
Use With Caution
EU mandatory label disclosure (Annex III/86) above 0.001% in leave-on products. Generally considered one of the safer EU fragrance allergens by sensitization incidence.
Commonly Found In
Global Regulation Summary
Overview of current status across major international markets.
Detailed Regional Status
| Region | Status | Max Conc. | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| πͺπΊ EU | Banned | - | - | Official β |
| πΊπΈ USA | Allowed | - | - | Official β |
| π―π΅ Japan | Allowed | - | - | Official β |
| π°π· Korea | Unknown | - | - | Official β |
| π¬π§ UK | Restricted | - | Follows EU regulations (III/86) | Official β |
π Why Regulations Differ
The EU requires mandatory label disclosure of citronellol (Annex III/86) as part of the 26 fragrance allergen labeling regime; it is not prohibited. The US (RIFM/CIR) and Japan do not require specific labeling for citronellol. IFRA provides voluntary concentration guidance internationally.
Regulation Analysis
Regional Agreement
Banned in EU but allowed in USA, Japan.
Category Comparison
There are 219 ingredients in the PERFUMING category. 100% are banned in at least one major market.
Strictness Ranking
πΏ Natural Sources
Found abundantly in rose oil (35-55%), geranium oil (20-40%), citronella oil (6-15%), and lemongrass (2-5%). Also present in eucalyptus, lemon balm, and palmarosa oils. Rose and geranium are the primary commercial sources for natural citronellol.
π How It's Made
Extracted via steam distillation from rose or geranium essential oils. Synthetically produced through hydrogenation of geraniol or citral, or through reduction of citronellal. The majority of commercial citronellol is synthetic due to the high cost of natural rose oil extraction.
π Uses in Cosmetics
Popular fragrance ingredient in rose and floral perfumes, lotions, and creams at 0.01-2% concentration. Provides sweet, rose-like aroma with citrus notes. EU mandatory labeling required above 0.001% (leave-on) or 0.01% (rinse-off) per Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 Annex III/86.
π¬ Other Applications
Used as food flavoring agent (FDA-approved approved). Insect repellent properties make it useful in household products and candles. Has demonstrated antimicrobial and antifungal activities in research settings. Also used in fine fragrances and aromatherapy applications.
π‘ Fun Facts
- β’ One of the 26 EU-regulated fragrance allergens requiring mandatory labeling since 2003.
- β’ Sensitization rates are relatively low (0.3-1.5% in general population), but higher among fragrance industry workers.
- β’ Has been used in perfumery since the late 19th century, particularly in recreating rose scents.
Related Skin Concerns
Data Sources
- β’ EU CosIng database (Annex III/86)
- β’ SCCS fragrance allergen opinions
- β’ CIR Expert Panel β citronellol safety
- β’ IFRA Standards
Last data verification: 2026-04-16
Related Ingredients
ABIES ALBA CONE EXTRACT
BENZYL ALCOHOL
CEDRUS ATLANTICA BARK OIL
CINNAMAL
CITRAL
CITRUS LIMON PEEL OIL
Learn More
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is CITRONELLOL banned in the EU but allowed in the US?
The EU follows a precautionary principle, banning CITRONELLOL under III/86 due to potential safety concerns. The US FDA has not found sufficient evidence to prohibit its use, allowing it under different safety assessment standards. This reflects differing regulatory philosophies between the two regions.
Why is CITRONELLOL banned in the EU but allowed in Japan?
The EU prohibits CITRONELLOL (III/86) based on their strict safety criteria. Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) has evaluated the ingredient and permits its use, potentially with different safety data or usage conditions.
What is CITRONELLOL used for in cosmetics?
CITRONELLOL is primarily used for perfuming in cosmetic products. The ingredient is commonly found in various cosmetic and personal care products.
Which countries regulate CITRONELLOL?
CITRONELLOL is banned in EU. It has concentration limits or usage restrictions in UK. The ingredient is freely allowed in JP, US.
Are there alternatives to CITRONELLOL?
Due to regulatory restrictions on CITRONELLOL, cosmetic manufacturers often use alternative ingredients with similar functions. For perfuming, alternatives may include other approved ingredients in the same category. Consult product labels for specific formulations, and look for products compliant with your region's regulations.
Disclaimer
The information on this website is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. While we strive for accuracy based on official government databases, cosmetic regulations change frequently. Always consult with a qualified professional or refer to the latest official regulatory documents for compliance. We are not responsible for any actions taken based on the information provided here.